Earth mover



Oct; v2, 1943. E. w. AUSTIN ErAL EARTH 'MovER Fued March 28, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet v1 Oct.' 26, 1943. E. w. AUSTIN ETAL y 2,332,686

EARTH MovER Filed March 28, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY 0d. 23, 1943. E, W AUSTIN HAL 2,332,686

EARTH MOVER Filed Marchl 28', 31941 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 @et 26, 19.43. E. AUSTIN ETAL EARTH MOVER 5 sheets-sheet 4 Filed March 28, 1941 Oct. 26, 1943. AE W, AUSTIN TAL 2,332,686

EARTH MOVER Filed Match 28, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS f//swor/h MAUS/fh BYJ//a/-Veg/ W /we# Patented Oct. 26, 1943 EARTH Movnn Ellsworth W.V Austin and Harvey W. Rockwell,

Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assignors to La Plant- Choate Manufacturing Company, Incorporated, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, a corporation of Delaware,V

Application March 2s, 1941, serial No. 385,677-

` 1,5 claims. (o1. s'z-lzs) The foregoing and otherobjects are attainedf in the embodiment of ,the invention illustrated in the drawings, in which- Fig. 1` is a side elevation of one form of earth mover constructed in accordance with our inven` tion, portions being Vbroken away to reduce the size of the figure.

mover of Fig.` 1, and onthe,4 right hand is generally a plan, but is partly a Section, the plane of which is indicated by the line V 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig.. 3 is a cross-section showingin detail and to an enlarged scale the leading edge` of the` pan,` the plane of section being indicated by the line 3--3of'Fig.2..

Figfll is a fragmentary cross-section related to Fig. 3A andthe plane of which is indicated by the lines 4--4 of Fig. `3.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the mechanism of Fig. Y1 in digging position. I

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the mechanism of Fig 1 in carrying position.V

Fig. 7 is a side elevation ofthe .mechanism ofv Fig. 1 in fully discharged position. I

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a modified form-of` earth mover, substantially the-same as in Fig. 1,

but utilizing cable operation. 1

Fig. 9 is a plan of the earthmovershown` in Fig. 10 is a fragmentary cross-section on an enlarged scale, showingthe leading edge of the pan of the modiiication, theplane of section being I indicated by thelines IIl-Illof Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is` a detail in cross-section, the plane of which is indicated by the line I I-I I of Fig. 10. In its preferred form the earth mover of our invention comprises `a pair of side walls and a frame ,together articulated forpmovem'ent over the ground, and provided `with a main bowl orV pan situated between the side walls and adapted to pivot thereonv about an axis adjacent" its leading edge from a' load carrying position to a load v Fig. 2 is on the left halfoa plany of the earth Each'of the side walls 23 and 24 adjacent its discharging'position. Also included, Yis a front apron mounted on the side walls to move toward and away from the leading edge of the pan, and being connected therewith preferably by a link pivoted both to the pan and to the front apron,

so that when force is exerted on the front apronto open it, the pan islikewise moved into discharging position and'so that when the weight of the apron is 4free to close it, such closing movement is likewise transmitted to the pan to return it to load carrying position. i

With special reference to Figs. l to 7 inclusive, the form ofv our earth mover disclosedV therein is designed to be trailed behind a power vehicle, such as a tractor, not shown, to which the earthmover is connected by a draft tongue 6. The tongue is mounted to pivot on a transverse front axle 'I supported on a pair of front ground engaging wheels '8 and 9 and is provided witha kingpin vframe II secured to the axle by a longitudinally extending pivot -I 2.v An upstanding but rearwardly inclinedkingpin I3 extends from the frame I I and is journaled within a coaxial sleeve Ill disposed within a mast I6 fabricated of suitablefmetal shapes. The mast d6 is centrally dis' posed and engages the middle of a transverse frame tube I'I extending considerably beyond the tread of the wheels 8 and V9 and having its extremities merging with apairof side beams I 8 and I9, which with the preceding structure are' included in theirontframe, generally designated The front frame side beams are designed to be o connected by pivot pins 2| and 22 to adjacent parallelside plates 23 and 24, which may be considered as part lof the rear frame, generally des-` ignated 25, of the structure andwhich extend rearwardly with appropriate cross braces 26 and 21 and structural connections 28 to a rear axle 29 on which are journaled rear ground engaging wheels 3l and 32. Y

With the arrangement described, the rearward portion 'of the vehicle is designed to pivot or to be articulated for motion about the axis of the rear wheels 3l and 32 while the front frame isk designed to pivot aboutthe axis ofthe front wheels 8 and 9, the relative movement between these two parts being centered about the axis of the pivots 2l and '22. In order to control the relative pivotal movementof the two parts of the vehicle about the transverse horizontal axis,`

operator controlled power means are provided.

a pivot pin 33 for detachably securing in place a clevis 34 at the lower end of a piston rod 36.

The upper end of this piston rod carries a piston (not shown) adapted to reciprocate in a cylinder 31, the upper end of which is provided with a pair of ears 38 secured by a pivot pin 39 to a bracket 4I extending from the frame tube I1. The cylinder 31 .on opposite sides of the piston therein is supplied with or relieved Iof hydraulic In eiect, therefore, when the cylinder l31 is not` operated the entire structure is substantially xed' or rigid and the lside walls 23 and 24-along with the beams i3 and 1.9 can be considered as part of the main frame. In order to provide means for cutting or loading earthlike material, we preferably Yspan the space between the sidewalls 23. and i24y by an inclined plate 43 which is .reinforced by an angle 44 and is preferably rigidly attached to the side walls to'serve as a transverse brace therefor. On the platev 43 we removably position, preferably in staggered relationship, several reversible' cut-l ting edges 46. As the frame is advanced over the ground with the cutting'edge 46 penetrating the earth, material' is loosened and dischargedl rearwardly overthecutting edge. v

Also, somematerial is displaced; forwardly of the cuttingedge 46during excavation, and particularly during the latter part of the loading operation, and to'assist in retaining such material, wev provide a front .apron or auxiliary bowl generally designated 41. This instrumentality is located preferably ahead of thecutting edge 46` and is generally disposed between the 'forward portions of the side walls 23. and 24. f The auxiliary bowl or front vapron preferably is constituted lby a curved-.interior plate 48,. having some exterior reinforcements 49 thereon and be. ing bounded onits edges by a pair of parallel. walls l. and52k which lie adjacent, but between the walls 23-and 24. The. upper portion of the curved plate 48. and of theV side walls Stand 52. arev all joined, preferably by welding, to stub tubes 53. and 54 respectively, which overlie the upper edges of the, side plates 23 and .24.. The stub` tubes are connected as by welding toside arms 55 and 51Qdisposed on the exterior ofthe side plates23 and'21l andterminating on a com-y mon axis 58 considerably above and slightly to the rear vof the` cutting edge 45. Each of the arms 56 and 51 is carried. by the adjacent one of a pair of pivot pins 59- extending from the associated one of the` side walls 23 and 24 and rstabilizedby a strap- 6l. WithY this construction, while the front apron l1 is entirely disposed' between the sidewalls 23 and 24, its actuating a'rms'i and' 51 are outside o1 the side walls and in r'idwiseinterfere with any load therein. Furthermore, the side-arms 56 and 51' are locatedbetween theforward frame arms I8 and I9 so that thel pivotal operation ofthe forward frame to raise and lowerAthe-cuttingedge does not in. terfere with .the` operation of the front apron.

5 In order to position the front apronby power .means We provide on each' of the arms 56 and 51y a somewhattriangular extension 62 on which' assaese 1 f a lug 63 is secured and to which is connected al clevis 64 by a pivot pin 66 on the end of a piston rod 61. A piston (not shown) on the piston rod 61 recipr-ocates within a cylinder 68 supported by a pivot pin 69 engaging ears 1l on the end of the cylinder and likewise engaging a bracket 12 extended from a pad 13 -on the rear framework' 21 of the machine.4 the cylinder 68 in order to'v protect yit from injury in collision. The two cylinders 68 on oppo- 'site sides of the vehicle are connectedv to conventional hydraulic structure in such a way that the pistons therein are positively propelled in either direction-or are locked in position under f the control of an operator.

When the piston rods 61 are withdrawn into the cylinder 68 the arms 56 and 51 are moved into positionsalongside the side walls 23 and 24 and the front apron 41 is moved into its lowermost closed position with its trailing edge im'- mediately adjacent the cuttingy edge. 46. f- When the cylinders 68 areoperated to extendthepi'ston" rods 61, the arms '56jl and 51." are. rotated counter clockwise as seen in Fig. lso. that the. front apron 41 sweeps throughan arcy tolie.; substantially in' a position above the cutting. edge .46.. Whatever material is contained in the frontfapronis gravitally released as'theapronascend's; .y 1

In accordance with our 'invention' we also. pro. vide means for retainingaload received, over the cutting edge 46 in a positionv4 behindsaidfcutting,

edge. lAdjacentthe angle 44v andspannin'gtheLv distance between the sidewalls 2`3landf,24',. we f provide a pivot rod .16, the axis of which isparallel with the axis ofv the pins 2.1 .and.`22 and isim-v mediately behind the cutting' edg'ejl.V Alternatingtransversely along the pivot' rodJG aresleeves 11 and y18,alternately,*secured,.iforvlardly"to the,

plate 4,3 and .rearwardlyto alpan' 15.- Thus, a pivotal hinge connectionisl provided for thepan with respect to the side .walls 23fand124. `The'L pan is preferablylconstituted. by 'abottomjplate 8| adjacent .its lower' forward portion' provided withreinforcementsZ and adjacentitsrearward:

portion' .beinggradually curved upwardly' to pro-l vide a rear'wall 83,` terminatingin an; upper reinforced edge 84. v y

Adding to the stiffness of the pan and assist-iv ing the pan to retain an earth load areY side walls 86 and 81 which can,`if 'desired, be rconsidered as part of thepan. 'The' walls'are securedl to.' the side edges lof the bottomplate 8|,ga`ndfals`o along the rear wall 83, in part-itoloverla'p the'fside, walls 23 andf24, and in'partto ,occupy y'certain cutaway portions 88 of each ofv thel side Walls 23 and 24. Considered together, thegsid'e walls 86 and 81, together with the side wallsv 23 and 24,l

laterally confine-earth upon the pan bottom 8|. The rearportions of the-'side walls 23-and 24 are cut away notY only to afford k'substantial ground clearance for the rear parthof' -tlie machine in negotiating embankments such as levees, but'also to provide a free path for pivots 89, one of which is ldisposed onv each side oflthe pan and'which are in transverse axial aline'rnent parallel" with the axis of the pivot rod'16.V I y Means in accordance with ourinvention engage the pan 19 15o-'insure that thgniotion of the pan is synchronousvwith the motion ofthe front apron 41'and so that when the cylinders 68 are operated notv only willthe front apron be raised, but the pan 19,wi11 likewise *'be tipped from its load carrying to its. load discharging position.

The means also. operate so that loads on thepan" 81| will assist in drawing4 thefront apron41' into A guard' 14\"`exte'nds'v around its `clcsedposition to assistr in severing roots and the like which overliethe cutting edge,l 46, `and so that when` the frontk apron 41 isin; its. fully; opened position andthefpan 19 isin itsr maximum tilted position, the weight of thefront; apron will be suicient tov restore thepartstotheir carryingor closed positions.;

To accomplish, al1 of these objects, the pivots 89 are each provided with a link or strut 9|, which is a strapV or 'bar of considerable rigidity in both compressionand tension'` extending; generally upwardly from the pins89 through appropriate slots 92 provided in the side wall reinforcing` members 93, which extend for substantially. the length of, each ofA the side walls 23 and 24.

Each link 9| terminates in a journal on a pivot vpin 94 secured in the extension'` 62 of the ad@ jacent one of the arms 5| and 52. `As shown especially in Figs. 1 and 6, when thefront apron 41 is closed and the pan 19 is in vitsI carrying p osition,'the pivotal axes of `thehpirls 89, Sil-and 58 are substantially in a straight line so that the links 9| form part of a locking toggle to maintain the parts in closed position for transport of a load without danger of dislodgernent.

For excavating, however,` thecylinders 68 are operated to` advance the piston rods51 a portion of their total travel so that the front apron 41 is raised part way, for example, into the position shown in Fig. 5, and this V motion transmitted through the links 9| likewise rotates the pan 19 partly about the axis of the rod 16 at the leadingl edge of thepan, so that the bottom plate 8|y is at an appropriate angle to receive the excavated material, portions of whichroll forward-v ly against the plate 48 of the front apron.

After a load has been acquired the machine is` moved from the position shownin Fig. 5. through` the carrying position showninFig. 6. and into its discharging position illustrated in Fig."1. In this position the cylinders, 68 are filled withhydraulic uid to expel the piston` rods`61. completely so that the front apron 41 moves from its lowermost closed position in a curved path, into. its maximumopen'discharging-position as shownin Fig. '1; the -trailingedge of the` front apron l1v Vde-V scribing an aitc""96. (Fig. '1), during thisjtime. Whatever load iswithin the front apron 41 spills gravitally. At the same time the link 9| is placed in tension and the pan 19 `is..rotated clockwise,` as seen in these figures, about the axis ofthe rod 16 adjacent the leading edge of, the pan, so that the bottom plate 8| movesv from a substantially horizontal position into a substantially' vertical position. All or part of the load' discharges from the pan 19 gravitally. Whatever portion thereof tends to adhere to the` side walls 23v and 24, is positivelyV ejected by the sweeping ofthe pan 19 thereby. p

In addition, during this tipping` movement of the pan, the uppertrailingedge 84 thereof moves in an arcuate pathv 91 (Fig.v '1) `which passes immediately beneath the path Sii of the front apron- 41 and the pan 19 itself sweeps between the side arms 5| and 52, so that adhering materia-l on the interior of the front apron 41- is positively ejected by the tipping pan.V Thus, the tipping pan acts as a positive ejector, not only for material within the main bowl between the' side walls 23 and 24, but likewise acts as a positive ejector for material within the front apron A1.

While the hydraulic cylinders 6B themselves when actuated are capable of exerting force on the arms 56 and 51 and through them on the links 9| to restore the parts, including thefront apron mum` openposition,` the center of` gravity there-` pan 19 in thisl position may be slightly ahead. of# or perhaps behind its own pivotal axis16 but, the relationship ofthe front apron `to the main bowl is such that even ifv the hydraulic cylinders 68 are inactive, or so long `as, they; dov not interpose substantial resistance, the gravitalj; rotationofthe iront apron 41 willy be sufficient-,to

start, at least, the counterclockwiserotation; (Fig. '1) of the main pan toward its closed 0r carrying position. i After the parts have gone partially toward; their carrying orclosedposition, gravity iselective upon both of them tovmove themrinto closed position.

This same effect Vadjacent closed position of; the` Vfrontv apron andrmain pan isespecially augmentcdby the weight of the load or part of the load on pan lt).` Often, particularly when the;

panjis substantially lled with earthy material,V which contains a largenumber of roots or similar` obstructions which overlie the cutting edge 4B and sometimesalso in sandycountry, it is very diffi-` cult to closev the front apron 41 satisfactorily.`

But with the present linkage the center of action; of the load on the main pan '19 is materially behind; the,V pivotaly axis 16, ,andV tends to rotate themain pan counterclockwise, as seen in the -fiigures, thereby exerting tension throughther links 9|"upon the arms 56 and 51 of the front apron 41- toiorce the ,iront apron closed and to. cause the trailingv edge thereof to act substantially as a cutter against the cutting edge 46, thereby insuring a positive closure or approach-- ing movement of these elements. Y Y

vUnder some conditions of operation it is` deemed preferable to dispense with hydraulic actuation, of the various moving instrumentalities, and to utilize a cable operation instead'. The structure as previously described is readily adaptable to this change, and in fact, as shown;`

in Figs.v 8 to 11- inclusive, we have provided means for readily interchanging cable operating devices for hydraulic cylinder devices. ln addition, we have changed the mounting of the cutting edge soY that `the angle of the cutting blade can beA varied betweenrather wide limits to facilitate thel excavation of material under differing condiY i tions 4encountered in practice. A

The earth mover generally is substantially they samel as previously described,` including a front frame` IUI supported as before, behind a tractor which is providedwith the customary cable hani.

dling Amechanism under .the operators control,

so well standardized that it is not herein illus-- trated. From suchv an operating station, however,

extends a cable H32 which is not directly reeved through any ofthe earth mover instrumentalities,

butpreferably is detachably secured into a clamp block |93, the attachment beingv efiectuated .by

a, clamp bolt |94, for example. Extending fromy the clamp block |83 are two identical cable circuits arranged symmetrically on opposite sides ofthe longitudinal center line of the machine, so`

I that but one of them need be described.` -For example, a cable IBB extends centrally and rearwardly to pass around a pulley |91 upstanding` from a frame tube |08, and thence `extends- 75 around a pulley |89 arranged approximately in a ,v

tion,A we preferably arrange it so thatas shownI in- Fig. '1when the frontapron 41 isin its mast;

vertical position and mounted in a recess III in the frame tube. The cable '|86 then extends around a pulley or sheave block 2 journaled in a frame H3, connected by a pivot pin |I4 to the nearest one of a pair of side walls I I6, which side walls at their opposite ends are mounted on rear supports as previously described. llirom the block I2 the cable |06 then extends around a pulley block suspended from a linkl I I8 fastening to the bracket |I9 extending from the frametube |68. The terminal runof thecable |06 isdeadened at |29 to the'irame IIS. -The bracket I I9 is identical with `the bracket 4| in the previous modification and the link' IIS fits exactly where the pivot 39 tted, whereas the frame ||3 is secured by a pin II4, identical with the pin 33.

By removing and subsequently replacing the appropriate pivot pins, the hydraulic mechanism can be removed from the structure and the cable mechanism can be substituted. The pulleys |61 and |69 can either be furnished with the machine originally and not utilized on hydraulic structure supplied, or can readily be attached in appropriate mounting spaces if thelhydraulic structure is later replaced by cables. In either event, ready interchangeability from hydraulic operation to cable operation is provided. When the main cable |62 is tensioned, the block |03 is translated toward the rightin Fig. 8, and both of the cables |06 (the lefthand one and the righthand one) are simultaneously taken up so that both sets of the pulleys ||2 and I|1 are made to approach each other. Consequently, the side walls I I6 and the frame IIlI are pivoted with respect to each other. Correspondingly, when the cable |92 is paid out, a reverse motion occurs. It maybe especially noted that there is no cable equalization between opposite sides of the vehicle and also that the cable |62, which extends from the winch mechanism on the tractor (not shown), is separate and distinct from either of the cables |66.

'In a somewhat similar fashion cable connectionsvare provided for operating the tipping pan. The pan itself, |26, is for the most part identical with the pan previously described, but at its forward end is provided with a central pivot tube |21 encompassing a pivot bar |28 which extends transversely of the side walls ||6 and at its ends is received in stationary bearing Vsleeves |29 secured therein by reinforcing collars |3I. Thus,

the bar |28 forms a rigid connection between the walls I I6 on which it is adequately supported.

The tube |21 is rotatable about the bar, butl terminates somewhat short of the complete interior span of the structure, a portion of the pan |26 being cut away as at |32, to accommodate the bearing I 29. Also movable with the tube |21 is an angle plate |33 to which is secured by re-` movable fastenings |34, a cutting edge |36, which can be made in a plurality of portions as previously described, but which in the present instance, instead of being rigid or stationary with regard to the side walls H6, is movable with the pan |26 torotate about the axis of the bar |28. The cutting edge |36 likewise has a cutaway portion |39 to accommodate the bearings |29 so that as `the pan |26 is tipped the cutting edge assumes various angles with respect to the ground.

, I'he cutting edge is kept relatively short and fairly close to the axis ofV the bar |28 so Vthat in maximum discharging position the variation in the location of the cutting edge will not unduly change the depth o f spread. By havingthe'f cutting edge relatively short and close 'to theV are related to the sidewalls ||6by pivot pins- |41" and this portion of the structure generallyr is identical with that previously' described. (Jensequently,4 each of the side arms A|44has a depending portion |45 corresponding to the portion 63l and has a terminal to' receive a pivot pin |46 identical withthe pin 64. Furthermore, the side walls |I6 each have a stationary eyelet |49 'to receive a pivot pinA "|5I corresponding exactly with the pivot pin 69. 4

Adapted to be positioned by the pins |5| and |48, on opposite sides of the machine, are telescoping extensible members |52 and |53 respec tively, each of which includes a slide |54 and a guide member |56. One of the guides, |56, isV

provided withan extension |51 yservingas an anchorfor an actuating cable |58, which extends from such janchor around'a pulley |59 journaled:r on an extension |6| of the other guide I 56. From' the pulley |59 the cable |58 extends rearwardly and' around a pulley |62 journaled-on the exten-A sion I5'I 'and thence the cable |58'passes around a'guide pulley|63v,' secured lto a bracket |64 mounted on the frame.` 0| and then is directed by a pulley |66 upstanding from and journaled on the frame IDI; Afpulley |61 again directs theV cable |56 to an anchor blockl |68, including a fastening its, so that the ancnorbiock lss ref ceivesA the ,other or left hand cable "|58 and also de tachably receives the actuating cable I 1| which'l extends from an operator controlled cable winch on the tractor (not shown),

By this'means, therefore, each ofthe sides of' the structure is provided with a cablej actuated extensible mechanism which is readilypositioned in place ofthe hydraulic mechanism,l but lpro-, duces substantially the same operation,the cable on,v each; side ,beingjoined with its symmetrical counterpart in the anchor block |68, which de,- cable |1| from thev With this arrangement there is noi tachably receivesthe lmaster tractor. cross-equalization of the actuating cable trans,-

versely of the machine, andalso there is noA necessity vfor, threading the tractor cable through various pulleys and other instrumentalities on the earth mover.` Itis only necessary to operate the fastening to fasten or release the master cable' operation of this structure is substantially the same as with the hydraulic arrangement, and in fact it is intended that the cable operation and the hydraulic operation can be applied inter-- changeably.

We claim:

l. An earth mover comprising a pair of side walls, rear wheels supporting said side walls, a frame pivoted on said side walls, means supporting said frame, means for varying the pivotal y relationship between said side walls and said frame, a pan disposed between said side walls, means mounting said pan to pivot on said side walls about a transverse axis adjacent the leading edge of said pan, a front apron mounted on said side walls to pivot about a second transverse axis for movement toward and away 'from' |69 in the anchor blockv Ther 'said .leading 'edge` and: .meansV f compelling said pan and said front apron to move cnly'in unisonl '1 f 2. An earth-mover; comprising:.A side i walls, ground-engaging'y wheels directly 'connected to said side wallsgapan, meanssupporting said pan'upon said'walls to move y'between .asubstan- Atially horizontal load retaining Aposition and an ,inclined load discharging position; a front apron, means' lsupporting said iront apronupon said walls to movefbetween a lower .load retaining position and an upper load discharging position, and means for compellingfisaid front apron always to move in unison with said pan throughout its entire range of movement from said load discharging position toward said load retaining position as said panmoves from said load discharging position toward said load retaining position. i

3. An earth mover comprising a pair of side walls, a pan disposed between said side walls, means supporting said pan upon said side walls to tip about a transverse axis adjacent the leading edge of said pan, a iront apron disposed ahead of said leading edge, means supporting said apron upon said side walls to move toward and away from said edge, means applied to said apron to move said apron away from said edge, and means for transmitting said movement of said apron to said pan to tip said pan.

4. An earth mover comprising a side wall, a pan pivoted adjacent its leading edge on said side wall and adapted to sweep the inside oi said wall, a front apron pivoted on said side wall and adapted to sweep the inside of said Wall, a link on the outside of said wall, and'means for connecting said link to said pan and to said iront apron. Y

5. An earth mover comprising a side wall having a cut away portion, a pan pivoted adjacent its leading edge on said side wall, a side on said pan adapted substantially to ll said cut away portion, a pivot on said pan adapted to swing within said cut away portion, and means for moving said pan connected to said pivot.

6. An earth mover comprising a side wall hav--v ing a cut away portion, rear wheels for supporting said side wall, a frame connected to said side wall, means for supporting said frame, a pan pivoted on said side wall, a side on said pan adapted substantially to ll said cut away portion and to sweep over the inside of said wall, a front apron pivoted on said side wall and adapted to sweep over the .inside of said wall, and a link on the outside of said wall connecting said pan and said apron.

7. An earth mover comprising a support, a pan pivotally mounted on said support to turn about a transverse axis, a front apron pivotally mounted on said support, means for rotating said front apron into a position above said axis, and means for rotating said pan to sweep beneath said apron.

8. An earth mover comprising a pair of side walls, a frame pivoted on said side walls, means for supporting said frame and said side walls from the ground, means for pivotally moving said frame with respect to said side walls, a pan disposed between said side walls and pivoted thereto on a transverse axis adjacent the leading edge of said pan, walls on said pan between said side walls, a front apron disposed between said side walls and having arms pivoted thereto, extensible members fastened to said side walls and to said arms for pivotally moving said front apron with respect to said side walls; and-links pivotally con--Y nected to said armsand ;t0saidy pan. f'

9.1Anea1th mover comprising a pair of sid walls; a `frame `pivotedV on `said side walls; means for supporting :said rameandsaidside walls from thegroundf; means `for pivotally moving said frame with respect tov said side ,walls;arpan disposed; between said ,side walls and: `:pivoted thereto on-a transverse axis' adjacent the-leading edge of said pam-walls `onY saidpanrbetween said side walls, a front apron disposed. between said `connecting the other end of said links and said arms.

10. An earth mover comprising a frame including a pair of earth supporting side walls, groundengaging wheels directly mounted upon said side walls, an earth supporting pan between said side walls and pivotally mounted thereon to sweep over said side walls about a horizontal axis transversely thereof, an earth supporting front apron pivoted on said side walls and having a portion disposed ahead of said axis, and a link having one end portion pivoted to said pan and having another end portion pivoted to said front apron.

11. An earth mover comprising a mobile frame including a pair of earth supporting side walls, an earth supporting pan between said side walls and pivotally mounted thereon to sweep over said side walls about a horizontal axis transversely thereof, an earth supporting front apron pivoted on said side walls and having a portion disposed ahead of said axis, a motion transmitting connection between said pan and said apron, and means applied to said apron for moving said apron and through said connection also moving said pan.

12. An earth mover comprising a mobile frame including a pair of earth supporting side walls, ground-engaging wheels directly connected to said side walls, an earth supporting pan between said side walls and pivotally mounted thereon to sweep over said side walls about a horizontal transverse axis, an earth supporting front apron pivoted on said frame and having a portion disposed ahead of said pan, a link having a pair of circular apertures therein, a pivot pin on said pan operating within one of said apertures, and a pivot pin on said apron operating within the other one of said apertures.

13. An earth mover comprising side walls, a pan disposed between said walls, means for supporting said pan upon said walls to turn between a lower position and an upper position about a transverse first axis adjacent the leading edge of said pan, a front apron disposed ahead of said pan, means for supporting said apron upon said walls to turn between a lower position and an upper position about a second axis parallel to and approximately over said first axis, a link, a rst pivot connecting said link to said pan at a predetermined point which in the lower position of said pan is behind said first axis, and a second pivot connecting said link to said apron at a point which in the lower position of said apron is above said predetermined point and is below said second axis.

lll.I An earth mover comprising a mobile frame including a pair of xed earth supporting side walls, an earth supporting pan between said side wadlsgjmeans motingfsaid pan 4'on Asaid side walls to turn'ahout'a first' axis; an ealntfhtsuppont.; ing front apron,'means nmuntirvg;.saidl front apron: on said vside wallsto :turn Vabout', a seoond aids .approximately 'over said iii-11st axis,.-and a link.

at yone endpivoted to said :pain ataadpredetermined peint and rafi; fthe other .end apixzote'd .to said .epson i; "a: second predetermined point; 'said fires seond predetermined vpoiniesai'idseu'd :second 'axis being'in substantially a .straight 'in-ne mamie pesi;-

' .tion of .the parts.

A15,. A11/earthmovereomprsing a mobile frame including a v pair of fixed Learth supporting.' side mails, an :eariihxsuppdlfting .fpanibetween said side ages-2,1356

.tonbetween .thezothelj end ozsaid link. zmd'sadll pan, said; second connection ,being ,disposedwto f operate :beneath :the adjacentroone' of saidxside 

